How does deforestation primarily impact animal populations?

Deforestation primarily impacts animal populations by depriving them of food and shelter. When forests are cleared, the complex ecosystems that provide habitat for numerous animal species are destroyed. Many animals rely on trees for nesting, breeding, and protection from predators. Additionally, the plants that grow in forests are not just physical shelter but also sources of food; as these plants vanish, so do the food resources that animals depend on for survival.

The loss of habitat typically leads to a decline in animal populations, as they may not be able to find adequate food, mates, or breeding sites in the altered landscape. This also increases human-wildlife conflict as displaced animals may venture into urban areas in search of food and shelter, leading to further challenges for both wildlife and humans.

The other options don't accurately represent the impacts of deforestation. While one might think that increased habitat space or food resources could occur, deforestation typically leads to the opposite effect. Likewise, deforestation generally reduces genetic diversity by isolating populations and leading to fewer breeding opportunities, not enhancing it.