What is a major consequence of hunting on certain species?

Hunting can lead to direct extinction of species, particularly when the hunting pressure exceeds the ability of a population to recover. This situation often arises in cases where species are already vulnerable due to low numbers, habitat loss, or other environmental stressors. Overhunting can result in a rapid decline in population sizes, sometimes to the point of total extinction.

When specific species are targeted for their valuable parts, such as fur, meat, or horns, the removal of individuals from the population affects the species' reproductive potential and genetic diversity. This diminished population can struggle to sustain itself, leading to possible extinction. Certain iconic species, such as the passenger pigeon and the woolly mammoth, have faced extinction due to intense hunting, illustrating the detrimental long-term effects this practice can have on biodiversity.

In contrast, while hunting can provide food for communities or enhance numbers of certain species through controlled management, these outcomes are not universally applicable and depend on the practices employed. Thus, the primary consequence highlighted in this context remains the threat of extinction for vulnerable species.