What is the effect of glucagon on liver cells?

Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas that plays a critical role in glucose metabolism, particularly in the liver. When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is released into the bloodstream, signaling the liver to respond in a specific way.

The correct response indicates that glucagon prompts liver cells to convert glycogen back into glucose, a process known as glycogenolysis. Glycogen, which is stored in the liver, serves as a readily available source of glucose when the body requires energy or when blood sugar levels are low. When glucagon binds to its receptors on liver cells, it activates signaling pathways that lead to the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream, increasing blood glucose levels.

Understanding this mechanism is essential for grasping how the body regulates energy levels, especially during fasting or intense physical activity. The function of glucagon is pivotal in maintaining homeostasis by ensuring that the body has a sufficient glucose supply between meals or during periods of increased demand. Other options discuss effects that do not align with the known functions of glucagon in relation to liver cells and glucose metabolism.