What is the most critical implication of changing temperatures on certain species’ reproduction?

The most critical implication of changing temperatures on certain species’ reproduction relates specifically to how temperature can determine the gender of offspring in some species. This phenomenon is particularly notable in species with temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), such as many reptiles, including turtles and crocodiles. In these cases, the temperature at which eggs are incubated can influence whether they develop into males or females.

For instance, in some turtle species, warmer incubation temperatures may produce a higher ratio of females, while cooler temperatures yield more males. This can have significant consequences for populations if temperatures shift due to climate change, potentially leading to skewed sex ratios that threaten the viability of future generations. Such shifts can disrupt breeding patterns, population dynamics, and long-term survival.

While loss of biodiversity, increased competition among species, and faster maturation rates due to temperature changes are critical aspects of ecological responses to climate change, the direct relationship between temperature and sex determination is a fundamental biological process that can have immediate and profound impacts on species reproduction and population sustainability.