What is the primary function of the Cas9 enzyme in CRISPR technology?

The primary function of the Cas9 enzyme in CRISPR technology is to bind and recognize specific DNA sequences. Cas9 acts as a molecular scissor that can be guided to a precise location in the genome by a complementary RNA sequence known as guide RNA. This guide RNA directs Cas9 to the specific DNA target by base pairing, allowing the enzyme to locate and bind to the desired sequence. Once bound, Cas9 induces a double-strand break in the DNA, which is a critical step in the CRISPR gene-editing process, enabling subsequent modifications such as gene knockouts or the insertion of new genetic material.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of Cas9 in the context of CRISPR technology. While enhancing protein production, repairing mutated DNA, or transporting genetic material can be associated with other cellular processes or tools, they do not encompass the specific role that Cas9 plays in recognizing and cutting DNA at targeted sites.