What is the role of alpha cells in the pancreas?

The role of alpha cells in the pancreas is to detect low blood sugar levels and release glucagon. This process is crucial for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body. When blood sugar levels drop, alpha cells sense this change and respond by secreting glucagon, a hormone that signals the liver to convert stored glycogen back into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. This action helps to elevate blood sugar levels back to an appropriate range, providing the body with the energy it requires for various functions.

The production of insulin is associated with beta cells, which respond to high blood sugar levels by lowering glucose through storage and use. Therefore, the option related to insulin production is not applicable to alpha cells. Converting glycogen to fat is not a function of alpha cells; instead, it involves different metabolic processes. Additionally, the secretion of digestive enzymes is performed by acinar cells in the pancreas rather than alpha cells.