What type of hormones consist of long chains of amino acids?

The correct answer is protein hormones, which consist of long chains of amino acids. These hormones are typically larger and more complex than other types of hormones, such as peptide hormones. While peptide hormones are also chains of amino acids, they are generally smaller and consist of shorter sequences compared to protein hormones.

Protein hormones include important signaling molecules such as insulin and growth hormone, which play significant roles in regulating various physiological processes in the body. Due to their larger size and complex structure, protein hormones often require specific receptors to facilitate their action on target cells, making their mechanisms of action distinct from smaller hormones like amine or steroid hormones.

Understanding the structure and function of protein hormones is crucial in grasping how they exert their effects within the body and how they differ from other hormone types.