Which factor does NOT typically affect enzyme activity?

Enzyme activity is influenced by several factors that can enhance or inhibit their function. pH, temperature, and substrate concentration are all critical variables that impact how well enzymes perform their catalytic roles.

pH affects the ionization of the active site and the overall shape of the enzyme, which can significantly influence enzyme-substrate binding. Each enzyme has an optimal pH range where it is most active, and deviations from this range can lead to reduced activity or denaturation, effectively rendering the enzyme inactive.

Temperature also plays a vital role; enzymes typically have an optimal temperature at which they function best. Too low of a temperature can slow down molecular movements and reduce the reaction rate, while too high of a temperature can lead to denaturation of the enzyme, altering its structure and functionality.

Substrate concentration is another important factor, as an increase in substrate concentration usually leads to an increase in reaction rate, up to a saturation point where all active sites are occupied, and the reaction rate levels off.

In contrast, the color of the enzyme does not have an effect on its activity. Enzymes can be of various colors depending on their specific structures and attached cofactors, but such variations do not impact how enzymes interact with substrates or catalyze reactions.